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Rutland is a city in and the shire town〔(Title 24, Part I, Chapter 1, §12 ), Vermont Statutes. Accessed November 1, 2007.〕 (county seat)〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 of Rutland County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 16,495.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Race, Hispanic or Latino, Age, and Housing Occupancy: 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File (QT-PL), Rutland city, Vermont )〕 Rutland is located approximately north of Massachusetts and east of New York state. Rutland is the third largest city in Vermont. It is surrounded by the town of Rutland, which is a separate municipality. The downtown area of the city is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places. ==History== It began on Otter Creek in the early 19th century as a small hamlet called Mill Village in Rutland, the surrounding town named by Governor Benning Wentworth in 1761 after John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland.〔(A. J. Coolidge & J. B. Mansfield, ''A History and Description of New England;'' Boston, Massachusetts 1859 )〕 In the early 19th century, small high-quality marble deposits were discovered in Rutland, and in the 1830s a large deposit of nearly solid marble was found in what is now West Rutland. By the 1840s, small firms had begun excavations, but marble quarries proved profitable only after the railroad arrived in 1851. At the same time, the famous quarries of Carrara in Tuscany, Italy, grew largely unworkable because of their extreme depth, allowing Rutland to become one of the world's leading marble producers.〔 This fueled enough growth and investment that in 1886 the center of town incorporated as Rutland village. Most of the town was split off as West Rutland and Proctor, which contained the bulk of the marble quarries. Rutland City was incorporated as Vermont's third city on November 18, 1892. The new city's first mayor was John A. Mead, who served only one term in 1893.〔109th Annual Report Fiscal Year July 1, 2000 to June 30, 2001 City of Rutland, Vermont〕 In 1894, the nation's first polio outbreak was identified in the Rutland area. 132 people from the Rutland area were affected. Seven died. 110 others suffered some paralysis for life. 55 were from the city itself. In 1903, a Rutland City ordinance restricting the carrying of firearms led to the Vermont Supreme Court's decision in ''State v. Rosenthal'', thereby establishing protection for the carrying of firearms without permit or license, what has become known as "Vermont Carry".〔http://www.guncite.com/court/state/55a610.html〕 Nonetheless, Rutland had a similar ordinance in place as late as 1998,〔http://www.vtlp.org/main/media/news/pr980622-RutlandGunRights.html〕 at which point it was challenged and eventually removed, and there have been reports from residents of police harassment over openly carrying firearms as recently as June 2008.〔http://opencarry.mywowbb.com/forum53/11480.html〕 The closing of the marble quarries in the area in the 1980s and 1990s led to a loss of jobs in the area. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rutland (city), Vermont」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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